Working on this project is easy. If there is an object in front of the IR sensor, it will detect it and set the output pin high. The output pin of the IR sensor is connected to the Arduino, so the Arduino reads it and activates the relay module by setting pin 7 high. When the relay is activated, the DC motor is turned on. If there are no objects near the IR sensor, the IR sensor output remains low and the DC motor remains off. The sensitivity of the IR sensor can be adjusted with the potentiometer of the module itself. Sensitivity simply means the distance at which an object can be detected.
